SATHYABAMA UNIVERSITY
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY TOOLS
AND TECHNIQUES
(For Ph.D Course Work)
Unit
I: Introduction
Research methodology – definition and
significance, Types of research – exploratory research, conclusive research,
modeling research, algorithmic research, casual research, theoretical and
empirical research, cross-sectional and time series research. Research process-
steps, research problems, objectives, characteristics, hypothesis and research
in an evolutionary perspective.
Unit
II: Research Design and Data collection
Research design- definition, types
–descriptive and experimental, validity and reliability of instrument, Validity
of findings- internal and external validity, Variables in Research, types of
data – primary and secondary data, methods of a data collection for scientific
and business research, experiments, construction and validation of
questionnaire, measurement and scaling. Types of scale – Thurstone’s Case V
scale model, Osgood’s Semantic Differential scale, Likert scale, Q-sort scale.
Unit
III: Sampling Technique / Executing the research
Sampling methods – Probability sampling
methods – simple random sampling with replacement and without replacement,
stratified sampling, cluster sampling. Non-probability sampling method –
convenience sampling, judgment sampling, quota sampling. Nonparametric tests-
One sample tests – one sample sign test, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, run test for
randomness, two sample tests – two sample sign test, Mann-Whitney U test,
K-sample test – Kruskal Wallis test (H-test)
Unit
IV: Mathematical tools for analysis / Research Measurement
Hypothesis testing – Testing of hypotheses
concerning means ( one mean and difference between two means – one tailed and
two tailed tests), concerning variance _ one tailed Chi-square test.
Introduction to Disciminant, Factor analysis, cluster analysis,
multi-dimensional scaling, conjoint analysis, multiple egression and
correlation, application of statistical software for data analysis.
Unit
V: Ethic in research
Report writing – types of report,
guidelines to write report, typing instruction, need of summary, importance of
language in the preparation of research report, oral presentation. Recording
the findings of research – publication- contents to meet the journals standard
– impact factor – citation and citation index, policy on academic honesty and
integrity – academics cheating and plagiarism. Opportunities to carry out
research projects with funding/assistance from various Government agencies.
References:
1.
Donald R. Cooper and Pamela S. Schindler, business Research
Methods, 9th edition, Tata Mcgraw Hill, 2006.
2.
Alan Bryman and Emma Bell, Business Research Methods , Oxford
University Press New Delhi, 2008.
3.
Uma Sekaran, Research methods for Business, Wiley India, New
Delhi, 2006
4.
K.N.Krishnaswamy, Appa Iyer sivakumar and M.Mathirajan,
Management Research methodology, Pearson Education,2006
5.
Garg, B.L.Karadia, R.Agarwal, & F.Agarwal, U.K 2002. An
introduction to research methodology , RBSA Publishers
6.
Kothari, C.R.1990. research methodology: methods and
technique. New Age International. 418p.
7.
Sinha, S.C. and Dhiman , A.K. 2002. Research methodology, Ess
Ess Publication 2 Volumes.
8.
Trochim, W.M.K. 2005. Research Methods: the concise knowledge
base, atomic dog publishing. 270p.
9.
Wahedra B.L.2000. Law relating to patents, trade marks,
copyright designs and geographical indications. Universal law publishing.
10.
Anthony M Graziano, A.M and Raulin, M.L, 2009. Research
methods : A process of inquiry, Allyn and Bacon
11.
Coley, S.M and Scheinberg , C.A, 1990, “Proposal Writing”,
sage publication.
12.
Day, R.A. 1992 How to write and publish a scientific paper,
Cambridge University press.
13.
Fink, A. 2009. Conducting Research Literature Reviews: from
the internet to paper. Sage Publication.
14.
Leedy, P.D. and Ormrod J.E, 2004 practical research: Planning
and Design, Prentice Hall.
15.
Satarkar, S.V. 2000. Intellectual property rights and copy
rights. Ess Ess publications.
Useful Websites: